The Role of COVID-19 in World Order Transition

Abstract:

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has disturbed the social, political, financial, economic, educational, and health sectors all over the world. In addition, it may produce important international changes related to the world order, which is an international relations term describing the distribution of power among world powers. Although it is still too early to predict the post-virus era and the post-COVID scenario is uncertain but one thing that is confirmed is that after COVID-19 the world order will look significantly different from the pre-COVID-19 era. The United States has remarkably failed to play the role of a global leader during the current crisis because it faces many obstacles in leading the COVID-19 world order. Instead, China has the status of being the superpower of the world, and it might wish to play more of a global leadership role in the post-COVID-19 world order. Thus, the rise of China versus the United States might bring changes in the world order. In addition to this, the COVID-19 pandemic strongly affects international organizations, and they are facing a legitimacy crisis. This indicates the fact that states are the main actors in the international system, and they are only able to create changes. In this regard, the only clear thing is that the post and pre-COVID-19 world order might not be the same.

Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, crisis, world order, the United States, China.

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پوختە

ئەم توێژینەوەیە بە ناونیشانی "ڕۆڵی کۆڤید-١٩ لە گۆڕانی پلەبەندی جیهانی". توێژینەوەکە جەخت دەکاتەوە لەوەی کە بڵاوبوونەوەی پەتای کۆرۆنا هۆکارێکە بۆ تێکدانی کەرتەکانی کۆمەڵایەتی و سیاسی و دارایی و ئابوری و پەروەردەیی و تەندروستییەکان لە سەرتاسەری جیهان. زیاتر لەوەش، هۆکارێکە بۆ بەرجەستەکردنی گۆڕانکاری نێودەوڵەتی گرنگ لە ئاستی پلەبەندی جیهانی، ئەم چەمکەش یەکێکە لە چەمکەکانی بواری پەیوەندییە نێودەوڵەتییەکان کە وەسفی دابەشبوونی هێز دەکات لە نێوان زلهێزەکانی جیهاندا. لەگەڵ ئەوەی کە سەختە لە ئێستادا پێشبینی پێشوەختە بکرێت بۆ سەردەمی پاش ڤایرۆسی کۆرۆنا و خستنەڕووی سیناریۆکانی پاش کۆڤید-١٩، بەڵام سەردەمی پاش کۆڤید-١٩ جۆرێک لە پلەبەندی جیهانی جیاواز دەخوڵقێنێت بە بەراوورد بە سەردەمانی پێشتر. ئەوەی جێگەی تێڕامانە، ووڵاتە یەکگرتووەکان سەرکەوتوو نەبووە لە ڕۆڵگێڕانی وەک ڕابەری جیهان لە چوارچێوەی ئەو قەیرانەی کە لە ئێستادا دەگوزەرێت، بەهۆکاری ئەو ئاڵەنگاریانەی کە ڕووبەڕووی ئەم ووڵاتە هاتووە لە ڕابەرایەتی پلەبەندی جیهانی. لەبەرامبەردا، چین توانیوویەتی ڕۆڵی زلهێزی جیهانی بەرجەستە بکات. بەم شێوەیە، زیاد بوونی هێزی چین لە بەرامبەر ووڵاتە یەکگرتووەکان ئەگەری دروستبوونی گۆڕانکاری لە پلەبەندی جیهانی دەخوڵقێنێت. جگەلەمانەش، پەتای کۆڤید-١٩ بەشێوەیەکی بەرچاو کاریگەری هەبووە لەسەر ڕۆڵ و شەرعییەتی ڕێکخراوە نێودەوڵەتییەکان. ئەمەش دەرخەری ئەو ڕاستییەیە کە دەوڵەتان ئەکتەری سەرەکین لە سیستمی نێودەوڵەتیدا، هەر ئەوانیش گۆڕانکارییەکان دەخوڵقێنن. لەم چوارچێوەیەدا، دەکرێت بووترێت سەردەمانی پاش و پێش کۆڤید-١٩ هاوشێوە نابن.  

کلیلە وشەکان: کۆڤید-١٩، پەتا، قەیران، پلەبەندی جیهانی، ووڵاتە یەکگرتووەکان، چین.

خلاصة البحث:

هذا البحث بعنوان "دور كوفيد-19 في انتقال النسق العالمي". يؤكد على أن تفشي وباء كوفيد- 19قد تسبب في اضطراب القطاعات الاجتماعية والسياسية والمالية والاقتصادية والتعليمية والصحية في جميع أنحاء العالم. فضلا عن ذلك، قد ينتج عنه تغييرات دولية مهمة تتعلق بالنسق العالمي، وهو مصطلح في حقل العلاقات الدولية بوصفه توزع القوة بين القوى العظمى. على الرغم من أنه لا يزال من السابق لأوانه التنبؤ بعصر ما بعد الفيروس وسيناريو ما بعد كوفيد-19 غير مؤكد، إلاَّ أنَّ هناك أمراً واضحاً هو أنَّه بعد كوفيد-19 سيبدو النسق العالمي مختلفاً بشكل كبير عن حقبة ما قبل كوفيد-19. فشلت الولايات المتحدة إلى حد كبير في لعب دور القائد العالمي خلال الأزمة الحالية لأنَّها تواجه العديد من العقبات في قيادة النسق العالمي. بدلاً من ذلك، تتمتع الصين بمركز القوة العظمى في العالم، وقد ترغب في لعب دور قيادي عالمي في النسق العالمي بعد كوفيد-19. وبالتالي، فإن صعود الصين في مقابل الولايات المتحدة من الممكن أن يؤدي إلى احداث تغييرات في النسق العالمي. فضلاً عن ذلك، فإنَّ جائحة كوفيد-19 تؤثر بشدة على المنظمات الدولية، وهم يواجهون أزمة شرعية. وهذا يدل على حقيقة أن الدول هي الفواعل الرئيسة في النظام الدولي، وهم فقط قادرون على احداث تغييرات. في هذا الصدد، الشيء الوحيد الواضح هو أنَّ النسق العالمي لما بعد كوفيد-19 وما قبله لن يكون هو نفسه.

الكلمات المفتاحية: كوفيد-19، جائحة، أزمة، النسق العالمي، الولايات المتحدة، الصين.